8月1日-3月30日托福考试真题解析

各位U粉儿好，我们如火如荼的暑期写作备赛群活动已经进入了第二阶段——说明文写作（什么？还没加入备赛qq群？文末有群二维码~快来一键加入！）。

8月1日我们围绕去年的大赛真题进行了“脑暴”，题目如下：

（说明文写作）

Write an essay a and a of your . note that the two have in and you both the and the two. Write at least 300 words but no more than 500 words.

面对这道“对比中西方节日”的说明文写作题，群内的小伙伴们脑洞大开

然鹅~小U发现仍然有许多童鞋对说明文感到束手无策，比如分不清说明文与议论文

于是博学贴心U找来了去年复赛的获奖作文供大家参考：

the world have their that to a of , as by . do with ones. , in and the show in in a sense.

In terms of , and mirth of are the main of and the . these two , show a to home and hold even if they live far from their home. In China, , train and coach are with who come all the way from their to even it is a long and a few days or weeks the . , , one can see a scene in and in main most of them work in and they head for their home that is away from busy city .

is the of they wear two days. That is red . In , in often wear red , hats, and even socks, and they think the , red, he by his light red coat and hat with a red bag with for . By the same token, red for vigor, and in China so often wear red or those with hue of red to show the and on the .

With to , it is that their are . The , the of the whole year in lunar , can be dated back to of years ago when the onset of the year and they . In , from the of to the birth of Jesus . On top of that, is not at all. , will place trees and and they will hang on the door. In , will paste by side of the door and "Fu" (a with ) down in the hope that luck will soon come to them.

and are not the same, but they are never and . can be found if one links them .

（所选取例子为学生原始作文，可能存在部分错误）

在说明文写作中，有哪些常见问题呢？快和小U一起来看看吧：

问题一

交流目的不明确，主观色彩浓厚

例子：It' s not of are the 80’s and the early 90’s .In a sense they’re the lucky ones. They’re born in a time when China is , when the seeds of of the were sowed in this old . No they to the on with their open that are more to new ideas and .

解析：这是一段描述图表的文字，蓝色字体的描述都是作者的主观感受，带有感情色彩，而说明文的写作目的是用客观的方式向读者有条理地呈现图表中的内容，带有主观感情色彩的描述是禁忌哦。

问题二

Main point不明确，前后不一致

例子：To begin with, the of a name are the same, that is, a name and name.In a name, the name is in with their . For , the used name is "Zhao", "Qian", "Sun", "Li" and so on in . Some names of 2 , for one thing, they are " names" like "Ou Yang" in , for the other, each of these two come from their and they are into a " name".

解析：这篇作文的题目要求是Name ，这段文字是整篇作文中的一个段落。蓝色字体的部分中，to begin with引导了一句话，推测应该是这个段落的topic ，主要讲的是汉语名字由 name和given name组成。但是我们再往下读就会发现，整个段落一直在讲 name，并没有提到given name，段落中的描述与段落开头的topic 并不相符，造成了前后不一致。

问题三

信息不准确、无关联

例子：From 3 to 15 years old, the can be into 3 : pre-, and .

…

As an , we step . There are 3 .

解析：这篇作文的题目要求是向外国朋友介绍中国的学制。但是从幼儿园到高中毕业不是从3岁到15岁；第二个段落，中学教育也不是3年，应该是6年。这样不准确的信息直接导致了说明文客观性的减弱。

Tips：说明文中的信息至关重要，信息的描述必须要是准确、客观的，并且与主题或图表等信息具有高度的关联性，不可以天马行空，随意写出与题目要求中无关联的内容。

问题四

开头未揭示话题、结尾出现新话题

例一：At the first of the chart, the lines not only but also me most. , and are the most and in china. While to 's , their AQI (air index) are more than .

解析：这是一篇作文的开头，这篇作文的题目要求是需要作者总结图表的特点，并且对比两个图表。从这个开头来看，作者既没有提到图表有何特点，也没有对比图表，读者在看过开头段后，并不知道整篇文章要讲的话题到底是什么。

再来看一个结尾段的例子：

例二：The is for of exams and life, but that‘s not all of it. We and enjoy the of being a in the exams, we learn to and obey the rules to a team. All have their and , and our is not the best for all . But …

解析：这个题目要求向外国朋友介绍中国的学制，这个段落是结尾段的描述。来看蓝色字体的部分，文章本来讲的是中国学制，但是总结段中却出现了这样的描述：“所有的学制都有优缺点，中国的学制并非对所有的孩子来说都是最好的，但是……”，毫无疑问这是前文都没有提到的新话题，作者笔锋一转再加上一个but，似乎意犹未尽，要开始新话题，这在说明文中也是不被允许的。一定要谨记，结尾段的作用是总结上文，因此是绝对不可以出现新话题。

以上四种常见问题，你“中枪”了几种？

写作时是否落入了N多陷阱却浑然不知？

怎样才能轻松应对写作四大文体？

欢迎加入《写作大赛全程通关》，资深英语写作教学专家带你从小白进阶高手！

课程提供三次小试牛刀的模拟练习（目前所有专项练习都已上线），邀请写作教学专家1V1评阅反馈。课程包含三大版块：

3步解密写作全流程有效梳理写作思路，带你逐步掌握写作关键环节。

4大文体写作全攻略专项解析大赛主考四大文体：议论文、说明文、记叙文以及应用文。

7大必破写作重难点从写作技巧至思维方法展开讲解，逐个突破七大写作重难点。

四大文体的常见问题与解决方法都可通过扫描下方二维码或点击“阅读原文”来获得，目前八折特惠价哟~

U粉儿福利时刻！

小U大家申请了33.3元优惠券

拼手速的时候到了！

限量10名，限时明日前使用~

扫描下方二维码领取☟

小U特邀你加入

“外研社杯”写作官方备赛QQ群!

在这里，